Ing publikasi iki, kita bakal nimbang aturan dhasar kanggo mbukak kurung, diiringi karo conto kanggo pangerten luwih saka materi teori.
Ekspansi krenjang - ngganti ekspresi sing ngemot kurung kanthi ekspresi sing padha, nanging tanpa tanda kurung.
Aturan expansion bracket
Aturan 1
Yen ana "plus" sadurunge kurung, pratandha kabeh nomer ing jero kurung tetep ora owah.
Panjelasan: Sing. Plus kaping plus ndadekake plus, lan plus kaping minus ndadekake minus.
tuladha:
6 + (21 – 18 – 37) =6 + 21 – 18 – 37 20 + (-8 + 42 – 86 – 97) =20 – 8 + 42 – 86 – 97
Aturan 2
Yen ana minus ing ngarep kurung, pratandha kabeh nomer ing jero kurung dibalik.
Panjelasan: Sing. A minus kaping plus iku minus, lan minus kaping minus minangka plus.
tuladha:
65 – (-20 + 16 – 3) =65 + 20 – 16 + 3 116 – (49 + 37 – 18 – 21) =116 – 49 – 37 + 18 + 21
Aturan 3
Yen ana tandha "perkalian" sadurunge utawa sawise kurung, kabeh gumantung saka tumindak sing ditindakake ing njero:
Penambahan lan/utawa pengurangan
a ⋅ (b – c + d) =a ⋅ b – a ⋅ c + a ⋅ d (b + c – d) ⋅ a =a ⋅ b + a ⋅ c – a ⋅ d
Multiplikasi
a ⋅ (b ⋅ c ⋅ d) =a ⋅ b ⋅ c ⋅ d (b ⋅ c ⋅ d) ⋅ a =b ⋅ с ⋅ d ⋅ a
divisi
a ⋅ (b : c) =(a ⋅ b): p =(a : c) ⋅ b (a : b) ⋅ c =(a ⋅ c): b =(c : b) ⋅ a
tuladha:
18 ⋅ (11 + 5 – 3) =18 ⋅ 11 + 18 ⋅ 5 – 18 ⋅ 3 4 ⋅ (9 ⋅ 13 ⋅ 27) =4 ⋅ 9 ⋅ 13 ⋅ 27 100 ⋅ (36 : 12) =(100 ⋅ 36) : 12
Aturan 4
Yen ana tandha divisi sadurunge utawa sawise kurung, banjur, kaya ing aturan ing ndhuwur, iku kabeh gumantung ing tumindak ing wong-wong mau:
Penambahan lan/utawa pengurangan
Kapisan, tumindak ing kurung ditindakake, yaiku asil saka jumlah utawa bedane nomer ditemokake, banjur divisi.
a : (b – c + d)
b – с + d = e
a: e = f
(b + c – d): a
b + с – d = e
e: a = f
Multiplikasi
a : (b ⋅ c) =a :b:c =a: c:b (b ⋅ c): a =(b: a) ⋅ p =(karo : a) ⋅ b
divisi
a : (b : c) =(a : b) ⋅ p =(c : b) ⋅ a (b: c): a =b: c:a =b : (a ⋅ c)
tuladha:
72 : (9 – 8) =72:1 160 : (40 ⋅ 4) =160:40, 4 600 : (300 : 2) =(600 : 300) ⋅ 2